1904
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| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 19th century – 20th century – 21st century |
| Decades: | 1870s 1880s 1890s – 1900s – 1910s 1920s 1930s |
| Years: | 1901 1902 1903 – 1904 – 1905 1906 1907 |
| 1904 by topic: |
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| By country |
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| Leaders |
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| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
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| Gregorian calendar | 1904 MCMIV |
| Ab urbe condita | 2657 |
| Armenian calendar | 1353 ԹՎ ՌՅԾԳ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6654 |
| Bahá'í calendar | 60–61 |
| Bengali calendar | 1311 |
| Berber calendar | 2854 |
| British Regnal year | 3 Edw. 7 – 4 Edw. 7 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2448 |
| Burmese calendar | 1266 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7412–7413 |
| Chinese calendar | 癸卯年十一月十四日 (4540/4600-11-14) — to — 甲辰年十一月廿五日(4541/4601-11-25) |
| Coptic calendar | 1620–1621 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1896–1897 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5664–5665 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1960–1961 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1826–1827 |
| - Kali Yuga | 5005–5006 |
| Holocene calendar | 11904 |
| Igbo calendar | |
| - Ǹrí Ìgbò | 904–905 |
| Iranian calendar | 1282–1283 |
| Islamic calendar | 1321–1322 |
| Japanese calendar | Meiji 37 (明治37年) |
| Juche calendar | N/A (before 1912) |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 13 days |
| Korean calendar | 4237 |
| Minguo calendar | 8 before ROC 民前8年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2447 |
1904 (MCMIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Thursday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar.
Events
January
- January 7 – The distress signal CQD is established, only to be replaced 2 years later by SOS.
- January 18 – George Reid becomes the fourth Prime Minister of Australia
- Henry Ford sets a new automobile land speed record of 91.37 mph.
- The Herero Rebellion in German South-West Africa begins.
- January 16 – The first large-scale bodybuilding competition in America takes place at Madison Square Garden in New York City.
- January 23 – The Ålesund Fire destroys most buildings in the town of Ålesund, Norway, leaving about 10,000 people without shelter.
February
- February 7 – The Great Baltimore Fire in Baltimore, Maryland destroys over 1,500 buildings in 30 hours.
- February 8 – A Japanese surprise attack on Port Arthur (Lushun) starts the Russo-Japanese War.
- February 10 – Roger Casement publishes his account of Belgian atrocities in the Congo.
- February 23 – For $10 million, the United States gains control of the Panama Canal Zone.
- February 28 – Sport Lisboa e Benfica is founded in Portugal.
March
- March 3 – Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany becomes the first person to make a political recording of a document, using Thomas Edison's cylinder.
- March 4 – Russo-Japanese War: Russian troops in Korea retreat toward Manchuria, followed by 100,000 Japanese troops.
- March 26 – 80,000 demonstrators gather in Hyde Park, London, to protest against the importation of Chinese labourers to South Africa by the British government.
- March 31 – British expedition to Tibet – Battle of Guru: British troops under Colonel Francis Younghusband defeat ill-equipped Tibetan troops.
April
- April 8
- April 19 – The Great Toronto Fire destroys much of that city's downtown, but there are no fatalities.
- April 27 – The Australian Labor Party becomes the first such party to gain national government, under Chris Watson.
- April 30 – The Louisiana Purchase Exposition World's Fair opens in St. Louis, Missouri (closes December 1).
May
- May 4
- U.S. Army engineers begin work on The Panama Canal.
- German football club FC Schalke 04 is established.
- May 5
- Pitching against the Philadelphia Athletics, Cy Young of the Boston Americans throws the first perfect game in the modern era of baseball.
- Hundreds of Tibetans attacked the camp at Changlo and, for a while, held the advantage before being defeated by the British's superior weapons and losing at least 200 men.
- May 9 – GWR 3440 City of Truro becomes the first railway locomotive to exceed 100 mph.
- May 15– The Russian minelayer Amur lays a minefield about 15 miles (24 km) off Port Arthur and sinks Japan's battleship Hatsuse, 15,000 tons, with 496 crew.
- May 21 – The International Federation of Association Football, FIFA, is established.
- May 30 – Alpha Gamma Delta, now an international women's fraternity, is founded by 11 women at Syracuse University.
June
- June 10 – Irish author James Joyce meets his future wife Nora Barnacle.
- June 15 – A fire aboard the steamboat General Slocum in New York City's East River kills 1,021.
- June 16
- Eugen Schauman assassinates Nikolai Bobrikov, Governor-General of Finland.
- James Joyce walks to Ringsend with Nora Barnacle; he later uses this date ( Bloomsday) as the setting for his novel Ulysses.
- June 28 – The Danish ocean liner SS Norge runs aground and sinks close to Rockall, killing 635, including 225 Norwegian emigrants.
- June 28 – The original icon of Our Lady of Kazan was stolen and subsequently destroyed in Russia.
- June 29 – The 1904 Moscow tornado occurs.
July
- July 1 – The third Modern Olympic Games opens in St. Louis, Missouri, United States as part of the World's Fair.
- July 21 – The Trans-Siberian railway is completed.
August
- August 3 – British expedition to Tibet: The British expedition under Colonel Francis Younghusband takes Lhasa in Tibet.
- August 11 – Battle of Waterberg: Lothar von Trotha defeats the Herero in German South-West Africa and drives them into the Omaheke desert, start of the Herero and Namaqua Genocide.
- August 14 – Ismael Montes becomes President of Bolivia.
- August 17 – Russo-Japanese War: A Japanese infantry charge fails to take Port Arthur.
- August 18 – Chris Watson resigns as Prime Minister of Australia and is succeeded by George Reid.
September
- September 7 – British expedition to Tibet: The Dalai Lama signs the Anglo-Tibetan Treaty with Colonel Francis Younghusband.
- September 25 – The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints President Joseph F. Smith issues a Second Manifesto against polygamy.
- September 26 – New Zealand dolphin Pelorus Jack is individually protected by Order in Council under the Sea Fisheries Act.
October
- October 1 – Phi Delta Epsilon, the international medical fraternity, is founded by Aaron Brown and eight of his friends at Cornell University Medical College.
- October 5 – Alpha Kappa Psi, the co-ed Professional Business Fraternity, is founded on the campus of New York University
- October 15 – Theta Tau, the Professional Engineering Fraternity, is founded at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
- October 19 – Polytechnic University of the Philippines is founded as Manila Business School through the superintendence of the American C.A. O'Reilley.
- October 21 – Russo-Japanese War – Dogger Bank incident: The Russian Baltic Fleet fires on British trawlers it mistakes for Japanese torpedo boats in the North Sea.
- October 27 – The first underground line of the New York City Subway opens.
- October 28 – Panama and Uruguay establishes diplomatic links.
November
- November 8 – U.S. presidential election, 1904: Republican incumbent Theodore Roosevelt defeats Democrat Alton B. Parker.
- November 16 – The settlement at Grytviken on the British South Atlantic island territory of South Georgia is established by Norwegian sea captain Carl Anton Larsen as a whaling station for his Compañía Argentina de Pesca.
- November 24 – The first successful caterpillar track is made (it later revolutionizes construction vehicles and land warfare).
December
- December 2 – The St. Petersburg Soviet urges a run on the banks: the attempt fails and the executive committee is arrested.
- December 3 – Charles Dillon Perrine discovers Jupiter's largest irregular satellite, Himalia.
- December 4 – The K.U. or Konservativ Ungdom (Young Conservatives) is founded by Carl F. Herman von Rosen in Denmark.
- December 6 – Theodore Roosevelt announced his "Corollary" to the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States would intervene in the Western Hemisphere should Latin American governments prove incapable or unstable.
- December 10 – The Pi Kappa Phi Fraternity is founded at the College of Charleston in Charleston, SC.
- December 27 – The stage play Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up premieres in London.
- December 30 – The East Boston Tunnel opens.
- December 31 – In New York City, the first New Year's Eve celebration is held in Times Square.
Date unknown
- The Loftus Road and Griffin Park football stadiums open in London.
- Stuyvesant High School is founded in New York City.
- St. Bernard's School is founded in New York City.
- The Daytona Educational and Industrial Training School for Negro Girls, now Bethune-Cookman University, is founded.
- Halford Mackinder presents a paper on " The Geographical Pivot of History" to the Royal Geographical Society of London in which he formulates the Heartland Theory, originating the study of geopolitics.
- The subject of alcohol and heart attacks is first investigated.
Births
January–February
- January 1 – Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry, Pakistani politician (d. 1982)
- January 5 – Jeane Dixon, American astrologer (d. 1997)
- January 10 – Ray Bolger, American actor, singer, and dancer (The Wizard of Oz)(d. 1987)
- January 13 – Richard Addinsell, British composer (d. 1977)
- January 14 – Cecil Beaton, English photographer (d. 1980)
- January 18 – Cary Grant, English actor (d. 1986)
- January 22
- January 26
- Ancel Keys, American scientist (d. 2004)
- Seán MacBride, Irish statesman, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1988)
- January 27 – J. J. Gibson, American psychologist (d. 1979)
- January 28 – Canuplin, Filipino magician and bodabil entertainer (d. 1979)
- January 29 – Arnold Gehlen, German philosopher (d. 1976)
- February 1
- February 3
- February 4 – MacKinlay Kantor, American writer and historian (d. 1977)
- February 10 – John Farrow, Australian film director (d. 1963)
- February 11 – Sir Keith Holyoake, Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1983)
- February 16
- February 20 – Alexei Kosygin, Premier of the Soviet Union (d. 1980)
- February 29 – Jimmy Dorsey, American bandleader (d. 1957)
March–April
- March 1
- March 2 – Dr. Seuss, American children's author (The Cat in the Hat) (d. 1991)
- March 4
- March 6 – Hugh Williams, English actor and dramatist (d. 1969)
- March 7 – Reinhard Heydrich, German Nazi official (d. 1942)
- March 14 – Doris Eaton Travis, American actress (d. 2010)
- March 20 – B. F. Skinner, American behavioural psychologist (d. 1990)
- March 22 – Itche Goldberg, Yiddish author (d. 2006)
- March 26
- April 1 – Nikolai Berzarin, Russian Red Army General (d. 1945)
- April 3 – Sally Rand, American dancer and actress (d. 1979)
- April 6 – Kurt Georg Kiesinger, former Chancellor of West Germany (d. 1988)
- April 8 – John Hicks, English economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1989)
- April 9 – Sharkey Bonano, American jazz musician (d. 1972)
- April 14 – Sir John Gielgud, English actor (d. 2000)
- April 15 – Arshile Gorky, Armenian-born painter (d. 1948)
- April 16 – Fifi D'Orsay, Canadian actress (d. 1983)
- April 22 – Robert Oppenheimer, American physicist (d. 1967)
- April 24 – Willem de Kooning, Dutch artist (d. 1997)
- April 26 – Jimmy McGrory, Scottish footballer (d. 1982)
- April 27 – Cecil Day-Lewis, English poet (d. 1972)
- April 29 – Pedro Vargas, Mexican singer and actor (d. 1989)
May–June
- May 4 – Joaquín García Morato, Spanish fighter ace (d. 1939)
- May 6
- Moshe Feldenkrais, Ukrainian-born engineer (d. 1984)
- Harry Martinson, Swedish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1978)
- May 8 – John Snagge, British radio personality (d. 1996)
- May 11 – Salvador Dalí, Spanish artist (d. 1989)
- May 17 – Jean Gabin, French actor (d. 1976)
- May 21
- May 22 – Anne de Vries, Dutch writer (d. 1964)
- May 25 – Charles L. Melson, United States Navy admiral (d. 1981)
- May 26 – George Formby, English singer and comedian (d. 1961)
- May 27 – Chuhei Nambu, Japanese athlete (d. 1997)
- May 30 – Doris Packer, American actress (d. 1979)
- June 2
- June 3 – Jan Peerce, American tenor (d. 1984)
- June 6 – Francisco López Merino, Argentine poet (d. 1928)
- June 18 – Keye Luke, American actor (d. 1991)
- June 24 – Phil Harris, American actor (d. 1995)
- June 26 – Peter Lorre, Hungarian-born film actor (d. 1964)
July–August
- July 5 – Ernst Mayr, German-born biologist and author (d. 2005)
- July 6 – Erik Wickberg, General of The Salvation Army (d. 1996)
- July 8 – Henri Cartan, French mathematician (d. 2008)
- July 12 – Pablo Neruda, Chilean poet, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1973)
- July 15 – Rudolf Arnheim, German-born author (d. 2007)
- July 28 – Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov, Russian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1990)
- July 29 – J R D Tata, Indian Businessman (d. 1993)
- August 4
- August 7 – Ralph Bunche, American diplomat, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1971)
- August 12 – Tsarevich Alexei of Russia (d. 1918)
- August 13
- August 16
- Minoru Genda, Japanese aviator, naval officer, and politician (d. 1989)
- Wendell Meredith Stanley, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)
- August 17
- August 21 – Count Basie, American musician and bandleader (d. 1984)
- August 22
- August 23
- August 24 – Ida Cook (aka Mary Burchell), British heroin and novelist (d. 1986)
- August 28 – Secondo Campini, Italian jet pioneer (d. 1980)
- August 29 – Werner Forssmann, German physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1979)
September–October
- September 9 – Feroze Khan, Pakistani field hockey player (d. 2005)
- September 12 – Lou Moore, American race car driver and team owner (d. 1956)
- September 19 – Elvia Allman, American actress (d. 1992)
- September 22 – Joseph Valachi, American gangster (d. 1971)
- September 29 – Greer Garson, English actress (d. 1996)
- October 1
- October 3 – Charles J. Pedersen, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1989)
- October 9 – Wally Brown, American actor and comedian (d. 1961)
- October 18 – Haim Shirman, Russian-born Israeli professor of medieval Spanish Jewish poetry (d. 1981)
- October 20 – Tommy Douglas, Canadian politician (d. 1986)
- October 23 – Harvey Penick, American golfer (d. 1995)
- October 25 – Vladimir Peter Tytla, American animator (d. 1968)
- October 27 – Erno Schwarz, Hungarian American soccer player (d. 1974)
November–December
- November 1 – Laura LaPlante, American silent film actress (d. 1996)
- November 2
- Hugh Patrick Lygon, English aristocrat (d. 1936)
- Louis Néel, French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2000)
- November 4 – Tadeusz Żyliński, Polish technician and textilist (d. 1967)
- November 11
- November 12 – Jacques Tourneur, French director (d. 1977)
- November 14
- Dick Powell, American actor and singer (d. 1963)
- Michael Ramsey, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1988)
- November 16 – Nnamdi Azikiwe, President of Nigeria (d. 1996)
- November 18 – Masao Koga, Japanese composer (d. 1978)
- November 25
- November 30 – Clyfford Still, American painter (d. 1980)
- December 6 – Eve Curie, French author (d. 2007)
- December 7 – Clarence Nash, American voice actor (d. 1985)
- December 12 – Baron Nicolas de Gunzburg, French-born magazine editor and socialite (d. 1981)
- December 18 – George Stevens, American film director (d. 1975)
- December 20 – Rambhai Barni Svastivatana, Queen consort of King Prajadhipok of Siam. (d. 1984)
- December 24
- December 25 – Gerhard Herzberg, German-born chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
- December 26 – Alejo Carpentier, Cuban writer (d. 1980)
- December 30 – Dmitri Borisovich Kabalevsky, Russian composer (d. 1987)
- December 31 – Umm Kulthum, Egyptian singer and actress (d. 1975)
Date unknown
- Bernard Castro, Italian inventor (d. 1991)
- Tevfik Esenç, Turkish-born last speaker of the Ubykh language (d. 1992)
Deaths
January–June
- January 2 – James Longstreet, Confederate Civil War general (b. 1821)
- January 10 – Jean-Léon Gérôme, French painter (b. 1824)
- January 17 – Sir Henry Keppel, British admiral (b. 1809)
- February 8 – Alfred Ainger, English biographer (b. 1837)
- February 15 – Mark Hanna, United States Senator from Ohio (b. 1837)
- February 22 – Leslie Stephen, English writer and critic (b. 1832)
- March 5
- March 17 – Prince George, Duke of Cambridge, grandson of King George III (b. 1819)
- March 18 – William Elbridge Sewell, American naval officer and Governor of Guam (b. 1851)
- April 5 – Tom Allen, British boxing champion (b. 1840)
- April 10 – Queen Isabella II of Spain (b. 1830)
- May 1 – Antonín Dvořák, Czech composer (b. 1841)
- May 6 – Franz von Lenbach, German painter (b. 1836)
- May 7 – Manuel Candamo, Peruvian politician, President of the Republic (b. 1841)
- May 8 – Eadweard Muybridge, English photographer and motion picture pioneer (b. 1830)
- May 10 – Henry Morton Stanley, Welsh explorer and journalist (b. 1841)
- May 19 – Auguste Molinier, French historian (b. 1851)
- June 3 – Vincent Tancred, South African cricketer (b. 1875)
- June 4 – George Frederick Phillips, Canadian-born military hero (b. 1862)
- June 12 – Camille de Renesse, Belgian Count (b. 1836)
- June 16 – Nikolay Bobrikov, Russian soldier and politician, Governor-General of Finland (b. 1839)
- June 22 – Karl Ritter von Stremayr, former Prime Minister of Austria (b. 1832)
July–December
- July 1 – George Frederic Watts, British Symbolist painter and sculptor (b. 1817)
- July 3 – Theodor Herzl, Austrian founder of Zionism (b. 1860)
- July 5 – Abai Kunanbaiuli, Kazakh poet (b. 1845)
- July 14
- Anton Chekhov, Russian writer (b. 1860)
- Paul Kruger, South African resistance leader (b. 1825)
- July 26 – Henry Clay Taylor, American admiral (b. 1845)
- August 6 – Eduard Hanslick, Austrian music critic (b. 1825)
- August 10 – Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau, French statesman, former Prime Minister (b. 1846)
- August 12 – William Renshaw, British tennis player (b. 1861)
- August 16 – Colonel Prentiss Ingraham, American author of dime fiction (b. 1843)
- August 22 – Kate Chopin, American author (b. 1851)
- August 25 – Henri Fantin-Latour, French painter (b. 1836)
- August 29 – Ottoman Sultan Murad V (b. 1840)
- September 22 – Wilson Barrett, English actor (b. 1846)
- September 24 – Niels Ryberg Finsen, Icelandic/Faroese/Danish physician and scientist (b. 1860)
- September 26
- October 4
- Frédéric Bartholdi, French sculptor (b. 1834)
- Laurence Hope, English poetess (b. 1865)
- October 15 – George, King of Saxony (b. 1832)
- October 21 – Isabelle Eberhardt, Swiss-Algerian explorer (b. 1877)
- November 28 – Fanny Janauschek, Czech actress (b. 1830)
Nobel Prizes
- Physics – The Lord Rayleigh
- Chemistry – Sir William Ramsay
- Physiology or Medicine – Ivan Petrovich Pavlov
- Literature – Frédéric Mistral and José Echegaray
- Peace – Institut De Droit International
